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John Amos Comenius
John Amos Comenius ((チェコ語:Jan Amos Komenský); ; Latinized: ''Ioannes Amos Comenius''; 28 March 1592 – 15 November 1670)〔Daniel Murphy, ''Comenius: A Critical Reassessment of his Life and Works'' (1995), p. 8 and p. 43.〕 was a Czech philosopher, pedagogue and theologist. He served as the last bishop of Unity of the Brethren and became a religious refugee and one of the earliest champions of universal education, a concept eventually set forth in his book ''Didactica Magna''. He is considered the father of modern education.〔"John Amos Comenius." ''Encyclopedia of World Biography'', 2nd ed. 17 Vols. Gale Research, 1998. Reproduced in ''Biography Resource Center''. Retrieved 2 January 2010.〕〔Ivan Illich, Deschooling Society, 1972〕 Comenius was the innovator who first introduced pictorial textbooks, written in native language instead of Latin, applied effective teaching based on the natural gradual growth from simple to more comprehensive concepts, supported lifelong learning and development of logical thinking by moving from dull memorization, presented and supported the idea of equal opportunity for impoverished children, opened doors to education for women, made instruction universal and practical. Besides his native Lands of the Bohemian Crown, he lived and worked in other regions of the Holy Roman Empire, and other countries: Sweden, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Transylvania, England, the Netherlands and Royal Hungary.
==Life and work==
John Amos Comenius originated from Moravian region of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown〔〔"Moravian by nation, language Bohemian, profession theologian, servant of Gospel from the year of grace 1616." It is his own identifiacion in "Opera omnia didactica" 1657, http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/comenius/comenius1/p3/jpg/s468.html〕〔"Unum necessarium" Komensky subscribed as "J.A. Comenius Moravus" http://www.etf.cuni.cz/kat-cd/unum.htm (Czech translation)〕〔"Clamores Eliae" he dedicated "To my lovely mother, Moravia, one of her faithful son...". Clamores Eliae, p.69, Kastellaun/Hunsrück : A. Henn, 1977.〕 in Uherský Brod (as on his gravestone in Naarden) or Nivnice, or Komňa, all of which are located in Uherské Hradiště District of today's Czech Republic. John Comenius was the youngest child and only son of Martin Komenský (died 1602–4) and his wife Anna Chmelová. His grandfather, whose name was Jan Segeš, started to use the surname Komenský after leaving Komňa to live in Uherský Brod.〔Vyskočil, František: JAN AMOS KOMENSKÝ. Kapitoly o jeho předcich, rodičích, přibuzných a místě
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